For every person, health is the basis of an active and quality life, but the environmental situation in modern cities causes irreparable harm to the physical and moral condition of residents: significantly reduces life expectancy, increases the risk of serious diseases, and increases the load on the human nervous system.
Clean air, green spaces, lack of garbage, a separate industrial zone - these are simple conditions that, unfortunately, are not provided everywhere in our country. However, not everything is bad everywhere, and there are settlements that have already succeeded in environmental issues. Below are the cleanest cities in Russia that you can be proud of.
Criteria for assessing the environmental situation
In order to assess the ecological state of the city, scientists conduct a series of studies, which are then compiled into indicators.
One of the main ones is the importance of emissions of hazardous substances into the atmosphere. Every city has plants and factories, many cars, boiler houses, even people every day contribute to air pollution, therefore, the fewer emissions, the cleaner the air.
Another important indicator is the number of green spaces per 1 citizen. In large cities there should be at least 21 m2. In cities where this standard is met or exceeded, the air is cleaner, the amount of dust and dirt is reduced, and the noise level is reduced.
The following criteria for the environmental situation are also considered: radiation, light, noise pollution, areas under solid household waste.
Rating of clean cities in Russia with a population of up to 100 thousand people
Naturally, considering cities with a population of over a million on a par with small towns is not correct from a scientific point of view, so it is customary to single out the most environmentally friendly settlements depending on the number of inhabitants. For example, the top ten among medium-sized cities included:
- Beloretsk, which, despite its developed metallurgy and mechanical engineering, maintains a low level of emissions into the atmosphere.
- Gorno-Altaisk is the capital of the Altai Republic and also the cleanest city in Russia, which is administrative center subject. The city is located in a gorge; there are practically no tall buildings or large industrial enterprises there.
- Mineralnye Vody is a resort city whose task is to keep the air, water, and land clean, otherwise the healing effect of staying in this special climate will disappear. The city is surrounded by greenery and is rightfully considered a beautiful and clean city in Russia.
- Balakhna is a city in the Nizhny Novgorod region with a long history and many cultural monuments, which are now being restored and protected. There are no large industries in the city that can significantly pollute the atmosphere, and those that exist use new technologies.
- The list of environmentally friendly cities in Russia with a population of up to 100 thousand people is headed by the Udmurt city of Sarapul, which is the second largest number of inhabitants in the region, and also has a large industrial base, but despite this, the amount of atmospheric emissions is slightly lower than in similar settlements.
The top ten also included the following cities: Velikiye Luki, Revda, Belorechensk, Glazov, Krasnokamsk.
Rating of clean cities in Russia with a population of up to 250 thousand people
Cities with populations ranging from 100 to 250 thousand (large) are also of interest.
For example, Obninsk, Kaluga region, is a rapidly growing science city, with a rich history and a large number of attractions. The settlement is surrounded by green spaces.
Kislovodsk is a place of recovery for many Russians and foreign tourists, unique climate and the presence of health-improving resources allowed the creation of an extensive resort area in the city. When deciding which city in Russia has clean air, we can say that Kislovodsk meets all the criteria: special flora, mountain atmosphere and good ventilation (the city is located in a gorge in the direction of the wind) - all this gives residents especially healthy air that fills every cell of the body .
A similar city with little atmospheric pollution, a huge green area and unique natural properties is Essentuki.
Nazran is a city in Ingushetia that experiences annual population growth, but the amount of emissions does not increase, since the climate here is mild, there is practically no heavy industry, and the main specialization is military.
Derbent ranks first among large environmentally friendly cities in Russia. Very ancient and beautiful city, located in the foothills. The temperate climate, the absence of large highways and large industrial centers make Derbent an attractive place to live from an environmental point of view.
In addition to those listed, environmentally clean cities Russia with a population of up to 250 thousand people includes: Khasavyurt, Arzamas, Oktyabrsky, Novoshakhtinsk, Kaspiysk.
The cleanest large cities in Russia
Big cities in modern realities most often attract young people, because there great prospects, there is a place to develop, learn something new, and find a job easier.
Among settlements with a population of up to 1 million people, it is worth highlighting the cleanest cities in Russia for living.
The bottom five lines are:
- Yoshkar-Ola is a city in the Republic of Mari El and is its capital. 50% of the settlement consists of urban forests, pastures, hayfields, gardening and dacha cooperatives, which has a great impact on the air quality in the city. In addition, the city is surrounded on all sides by forests.
- Tambov. Despite the fact that the city has heavy industry, modern technologies and rational landscaping make it possible to maintain an ecological balance.
- Saransk is a compact settlement with good natural characteristics. Active air circulation and a temperate climate make it possible to timely remove atmospheric pollution from mechanical engineering, electrical power, and metallurgy facilities, and public utilities adequately deal with actual waste, which together allows Saransk to take a worthy environmental position.
- Petrozavodsk is the capital city of the Republic of Karelia, which has barely achieved modern environmental “success”. Since the 90s, all enterprises have been actively re-equipped with modern equipment, which has reduced emissions by 8 times.
- Vladikavkaz is a beautiful mountain city, with one of the largest zinc production facilities located on its territory. For a long time it was the main polluter of the settlement, but over the last 10 years it has been refurbished, and Vladikavkaz has breathed a sigh of relief, so much so that it has entered the top of the most environmentally friendly.
Below are big cities- leaders in environmental terms
Kostroma
Kostroma is one of the cleanest cities in Russia, located just 344 kilometers from Moscow. The area of the city is about 144 km 2, the population is 277 thousand people, and emissions are 22.6 thousand tons per year.
The main specialization of the settlement is the textile industry; in addition, there are mechanical engineering and processing enterprises.
The peculiarity of the city is its ancient origin (founded in 1152), it is included in the “ Golden ring Russia", therefore tourism is an important field of activity. In order for guests to return here, it is necessary to maintain cleanliness, order and comfort. The efforts of city authorities and the population are reflected in the fact that Kostroma is one of the five cleanest large cities in Russia.
Grozny
The capital city of the Chechen Republic - Grozny - is a major economic and cultural center. It occupies an area of 324 km 2 and has a population of 291 thousand people.
Industry is mainly represented by the oil and engineering sectors, but despite this, annual emissions constitute a relatively small percentage.
The cleansing of the city is due to its favorable location, mild climate, large green area, as well as the responsibility of residents who not only honor their traditions, but also treat their place of residence with love, avoiding unnecessary waste.
Sochi
It is not surprising that the resort in the Krasnodar Territory is among the three cleanest cities in Russia. Thanks to warm winters There is practically no need for additional thermal power plants and boiler houses, which significantly pollute the atmosphere. Resort area- this is a special territory prohibited for the location of many industrial enterprises that can worsen the environmental condition.
It was Sochi that was chosen as the venue for the 2014 Olympics, one of the selection criteria for which was the environmental aspect.
The population is 411 thousand people, and they account for only 21.2 thousand tons of emissions per year, which is a low figure.
Taganrog
The Rostov city of Taganrog was founded in the 17th century as a port - a military base. The area is 95 km 2, the population is 250 thousand people. The city has a temperate climate.
Economic development is based on heavy industry - metallurgy, mechanical engineering - as well as agriculture and fishing.
There are many in the city places of interest and, most importantly, green parks and squares that cleanse the city of dirt and dust, and sea winds carry atmospheric pollution beyond the city limits. Thus, Taganrog produces 18 thousand tons of emissions per year.
Sevastopol
Sevastopol recently became part of Russia, but is already an example for everyone else major cities. A total of 10.4 thousand tons of emissions per year. Many will say that industry is not yet fully developed there, and the climate is suitable, but this is still due to the residents who take good care of their home: the city is clean, cozy, and has a lot of green spaces. The city has many health facilities for both children and adults.
Which cities are “outsiders” in terms of environmental situation?
Third and second places are shared by two capitals - St. Petersburg and Moscow. These large cities receive the main pollution from automobile emissions, which account for more than 80% of the total mass of waste. Smog in these settlements is constantly present in the sky. Among the population, lung diseases occur in every 4 residents of these cities.
Norilsk, Krasnoyarsk Territory, has been the leader in the ranking of the most dirty cities. Its emissions into the atmosphere amount to almost 2000 thousand tons per year. Norilsk Nickel is a city-forming enterprise and an important company in the state, but it is the main source of dangerous atmospheric pollution, which extends not only to city residents, but to the entire region.
The all-Russian public organization "Green Patrol" published the next "Environmental Subjects Russian Federation"based on the results of spring 2017. The rating has been compiled since 2007, and since 2008 it has been published 4 times a year, based on the results of each season.
Below we present the top 10 most clean regions Russia.
1. Tambov region
The Tambov region lies in the southern part of the East European Plain, in the central part of the Oka-Don Plain.Mineral deposits:
"Central" field - 887 million cubic meters. m of ilmenite-rutile-zirconium sands with a 4% metal content and possibly industrial content near the village of Nikolskoye, Rasskazovsky district.
Phosphorites, building materials, mineral paints, peat. The most famous sand deposits are Tambovskoye and Polkovskoye.
The Tambov region is located in the forest-steppe zone. The soils are typical thick chernozems, leached in the south, and gray forest soils in the north.
Along the valleys and ravines there are meadow-chernozem and peat-swamp lands. Forests (main species - pine, oak, maple, linden, ash, birch, aspen) occupy about 10% of the territory.
A wolf, elk, wild boar, hare, fox, ferret, and rodents have been preserved. On the territory of the Tambov region there is the Voroninsky Nature Reserve.
2. Altai region
Altai region located in the southeast of Western Siberia.The state of atmospheric air is largely determined by the location and concentration of environmentally active sectors of material production, the level of purification of industrial emissions from pollutants, the concentration and congestion of transport routes.
At the enterprises of the region, gas purification plants capture 64% of pollutants released into the atmosphere.
3. Altai Republic
The climate is sharply continental, with short hot summers and long frosty winters. The republic's topography is characterized by high ridges, separated by narrow and deep river valleys, and rare wide intermountain basins. Tourism in the Altai Republic is one of the main sectors of the region's economy, as well as an important source of income. Up to 1 million tourists come to Altai every year.
Among active species The largest amount of recreation is occupied by summer ecological and cultural-educational trips and excursions related to the organization of automobile, hiking, horseback riding, water, mountaineering, hunting, fishing, speleological and other types of recreation with visits to natural and culturally historical sites and territories.
4. Republic of Chuvashia
The Republic of Chuvashia is part of the Volga Federal District and is part of the Volga-Vyatka economic region. The Chuvash Republic is located in the east of the East European Plain, mainly on the right bank of the Volga, between its tributaries Sura and Sviyaga.
The hydroelectric potential of the Volga River in the republic is not fully realized at the Cheboksary hydroelectric station.
On the territory of the republic there are deposits of phosphorites with ore reserves of 148.7 million tons, oil shale with reserves of 199.1 million tons, and peat deposits.
5. Ulyanovsk region
The Ulyanovsk region is located in the southeast of the European part of Russia, in the Middle Volga region. The leading position in the structure of the region's mineral resources is occupied by (explored reserves amount to 42 million tons), glass, and cement (reserves of chalk, clays and diatomites for cement production in the region are practically unlimited: for example, the five largest chalk deposits have been explored for cement production with total reserves 380 million tons).
6. Belgorod region
Most significant events: Complaints from residents about the activities of the scientific and production complex "M-Reserve" LLC, administrative suspension of the enterprise's activities for 90 days for violation of environmental legislation regarding air pollution. About 10% of animal species living in the Belgorod region are those in need of special protection. 50 species are included in the Red Book list.
7. Moscow
The ecology of the city is influenced by the predominance of western and northwestern winds, carrying air purified over the forested areas of the western part of the Moscow region to Moscow. During periods of predominance of eastern and southeastern winds, Moscow receives less clean air, since the southeast of the region is 25-30% green, significantly arable and more industrial.
Quality water resources The cities are better in the north-west of the city, upstream of the Moscow River. The north-west of Moscow is more elevated, hilly, and has heavier, clayey and loamy soils.
8. St. Petersburg
Most significant events: Opening of thirteen free filling stations for electric vehicles. The state of the environment in St. Petersburg, as in other metropolitan areas of the country, is far from ideal.
Negative factors such as air pollution from car exhaust and sand-salt dust, overcrowding, and noise lead to a deterioration in the quality of life in the city and a deterioration in the health of St. Petersburg residents.
For example, air pollution in St. Petersburg leads to a constant increase in allergic and asthmatic diseases in children and causes health problems in older people.
9. Rostov region
Most significant events: Complaints from residents about the pollution of the Temernik River by sewage. U Rostov region environmental problems are associated with the consequences of the industrial takeoff of past times.
The largest enterprises: Taganrog Metallurgical and Automobile Plants, Krasny Kotelshchik, Atommash, Novoshakhtinsky Oil Products Plant and others.
The main natural wealth of the region are soils, namely chernozems. They occupy almost 65% of land resources.
10. Kursk region
The main natural resources of the Kursk region are black soil, water and iron ore. The Kursk magnetic anomaly is the largest iron ore deposit in the world, measuring more than 160 thousand square meters. km. Its reserves are more than a billion tons. The development of the deposit is carried out by the Lebedinsky Mining and Processing Plant using open-pit mining.
Environmental problems associated with the operation of the plant are typical for industrial enterprises in this area.
This is atmospheric air pollution by exhaust gases and dust, land pollution by waste motor oils and other petroleum products, and water pollution by wastewater.
Every person strives to live in better conditions, so progress does not stand still, simplifying life through cars, household appliances and cheap energy. However, it is worth remembering that the coin also has a flip side, meaning that you have to pay for comfort not only with money, but also with your own health, because most megacities actively interact with industry, which causes environmental pollution. However, in the vastness of our vast Motherland, there are several places where people manage to live in harmony with nature, thereby significantly increasing their own life expectancy. We present to your attention the rating of the Top 10 most environmentally friendly cities in Russia in 2019, among which there are even cities with a population of over a million people.
10 Pskov
Despite 200 thousand inhabitants and close proximity to federal industrial facilities, the air in this city remains clean. All this thanks to forty hectares of green spaces, which play a decisive role in shaping the city’s ecosystem. Citizens can enjoy parks and forests all year round, thereby improving their own health. Due to the untouched nature of some corners of nature, locals may not leave the city limits in order to be alone with the flora.
9 Smolensk
Smolensk was able to get into ninth place in the ranking of the 10 most environmentally friendly cities in Russia in 2018, not only due to the abundance of vegetation, but also because of the quality of enterprises located within the city limits. Light industry, among which the food and jewelry industries are in the lead, is simply incapable of causing much damage to the environment, and if you add to this four forest parks and ten gardens, then there is no point in talking about anything harmful to the life and health of people.
8 Murmansk
This city benefits from its status - for the most part it is a port, so all industry is concentrated in fishing and subsequent processing. A clear advantage is that forests make up half of the city’s area, and on the outskirts their concentration significantly exceeds the national average. For 15 years in a row, experts have noted trends towards improving the environmental situation; even the city’s only water canal, the Kola Bay, continues to remain crystal clear, which makes the work of public utilities easier and allows fans of hardening to constantly improve their health, because its peak temperature is 10 degrees Celsius.
7 Nizhnevartovsk
In seventh place in the list of the cleanest cities in Russia in 2019, it occupies one of the most comfortable places to live in our homeland. Despite the fact that all enterprises are involved in the petrochemical industry, which causes enormous damage to the environment, the authorities have managed to encourage factories to introduce the most environmentally friendly production methods, and the streets are clean and full of greenery. We found the reason for this unusual situation in the financing of the city, because its budget exceeds the estimate of the Northern Capital.
6 Sochi
If before Winter Olympics at resort town there was little chance of getting into our rating, but after it the city was completely transformed. In order not to lose face in front of foreign guests, utility services cleaned it to a shine, turning an already successful resort into an exemplary one. Sochi also plays into the hands of the complete absence of heavy or processing industry enterprises, which, together with the abundance of green spaces and proximity to the sea, makes it one of the safest cities in Russia for living. Fortunately, business executives continued to maintain the European level of cleanliness even after sporting events, which significantly increases interest in the resort at any time of the year. Although Sochi is not included in the Top 10 most best cities for life in Russia in 2019, after the work carried out in it in preparation for the Olympics, he received a good developed infrastructure and became very comfortable and clean.
5 Sarapul
At the equator of the ranking, the top 10 are the most environmentally friendly Russian cities 2019 is an example of the fact that even a small town with a population of one hundred thousand people, abundantly dotted with light industry enterprises and farms, can preserve almost virgin nature. Due to the absence of factories and the mass of green spaces, the level of air pollution here is significantly below the permissible norm. The main disadvantage is the release of waste into the only water channel, but the authorities are actively working on this issue, which allows residents to use clean water at home that has passed through a lot of different filters, the condition of which is regularly monitored.
4 Derbent
Contrary to ideas about European Muslim settlements, the Dagestanis from this small town with a rich history managed to prove that they are extremely clean and respect their culture. You will have to make quite an effort to find an equally polished city, among those where the majority of the population is Slavic. Another advantage is the city’s proximity to the sea, which makes it a profitable resort, as well as the presence of exclusively food industry and small farms that do not have a strong negative impact on the environment.
3 Taganrog
Top three among the most eco-friendly cities Taganrog opens in Russia in 2019 - a unique example of combining heavy industry and a developed tourist environment. Despite the fact that factories cannot effectively dispose of harmful waste, the Sea of Azov comes to their aid, with its ability to naturally cleanse itself. Breezes also play an important role, helping to compensate for excessive dry air. The city authorities ten years ago set a course for cleaning the city and continue to carry out environmental measures, which has an extremely positive effect on the environment.
2 Saransk
The vice-champion is a city that has never stopped striving to become more environmentally friendly. The first task was to modernize the enterprises, which made it possible to reduce emissions from their activities by 85%, thereby allowing residents to drink tap water without fear, because thanks to the new filters, it is no different from boiled water in terms of disinfection. The second step was the construction of bypass roads, because more than half of the nitrogen in the atmosphere was supplied by cars. The consistent implementation of these innovations has allowed the city to improve its own environmental performance by 60% over the past ten years, and this is not the limit.
1 Ufa
Ufa is the most environmentally friendly city in Russia in 2019. This is the only million-plus city on the chart. Despite the huge economic and cultural role in the development of our homeland, Ufa also has not forgotten about nature; there are about 200 square meters of fauna per resident, and forests and parks occupy 30% of the total area of the city. The presence of clean streets, water and air in a city with such a huge population and developed industry once again confirms that any place can become cleaner; all that is required is a clear plan of action, high-quality work of public utilities and a fairly high level of culture of citizens who are accustomed to taking care of the place, where they live.
Today, the environmental situation in some Russian cities leaves much to be desired. However, in recent years the government has seriously taken up the issue of improving the environment. The creation of waste processing enterprises, the transition to environmentally friendly fuel and the installation of gas cleaning equipment at factories helps to improve the environmental condition of individual settlements. The top 10 includes the cleanest cities in Russia 2018-2019, the list of which is presented below.
Yoshkar-Ola
Yoshkar-Ola or the Red City opens the ranking of the cleanest Russian cities as of 2018-2019. It is the capital of the Republic of Mari El. The environmental situation here is not as acute as in other Russian cities. However, there are still problems with environmental pollution, and they are quite significant. There are many large enterprises in the Red City that produce emissions into the air. The issue of water quality in the Malaya Kokshaga River is quite acute. This reservoir and other rivers of the city are regularly discharged from waste water, which is industrial waste. Despite this situation with the rivers, the quality of drinking water has been significantly improved in recent years.
Tambov
Tambov is one of the ten most environmentally friendly cities in Russia today. Despite the large number of industrial enterprises, the air pollution index is relatively low and amounts to 4. In the region there is a waste sorting plant that processes polymers into granules. The city has a large number of parks, and many streets are landscaped, which makes it possible to further purify the air from vehicle exhaust emissions.
Saransk
Saransk ranked eighth in terms of environmentally friendly cities. It is located in Mordovia and is its capital. The city has more than a dozen industrial enterprises that regularly release emissions into the environment. Environmental friendliness has been improved in recent years thanks to environmental measures. Saransk has 100% gasification, which reduces the emission of harmful substances to a minimum. Previously, there was a deplorable situation with river waters, which were extremely polluted. Now everything has changed and fish have begun to appear in the rivers.
Petrozavodsk
Petrozavodsk is considered an environmentally friendly city in Russia as of the end of 2019. The level of air pollution over previous years was considered satisfactory. IN Lately The situation in this regard has improved several times, because the emission of pollution into the atmosphere has decreased eightfold over the past two decades. Such changes for the better were achieved thanks to the installation of gas purification equipment at enterprises and the conversion of most factories to natural gas. One of the problems that Petrozavodsk faces most acutely is the negative impact of solid household waste due to the lack of established disposal measures. Another pressing problem of the city is the high level of river water pollution.
Naberezhnye Chelny
Naberezhnye Chelny belongs to the cleanest cities in Russia from an environmental point of view. A special feature of this city is that there is constant air circulation on its territory, which prevents it from stagnating. Air masses are constantly renewed, so the air here is clean. The problem of water pollution in rivers is also not as acute as in other Russian cities.
Kazan
Kazan is one of the most environmentally friendly cities in Russia. Today it is the only metropolis that completely recycles industrial waste. In Kazan there are more than one and a half thousand enterprises that emit harmful substances into the atmosphere and water. In order to reduce the concentration of harmful substances in the city, public transport was transferred to Euro 3 and Euro 4 standards. Disinfection of tap water here is also carried out according to European standards, with the exception of the unsafe cleaning method using chlorine.
Grozny
Grozny is rightfully considered one of the cleanest Russian cities with a very low level of pollution. This is primarily due to the lack of a large number of industrial enterprises. There are no more than ten factories in the city. The total volume of harmful emissions into the environment is just over 20 tons, which is quite small compared to other large populated areas in Russia.
Magas
Magas is one of the three most environmentally friendly cities located on the territory of the Russian Federation. A favorable environmental situation was achieved through the introduction of a new underground waste storage system. The city has eco-terminals designed to collect fluorescent lamps. Projects using solar panels have also been launched in Magas. The city has managed to completely get rid of landfills. Also in Magas, active work is being carried out to purify river waters and improve the quality of drinking water. An environmental patrol is expected to be formed in the near future, with the help of which it will monitor the conditions of natural areas and suppress attempts to cause damage to nature.
Kostroma
Kostroma recognized as one of the most environmentally friendly zones in Russia. This is due to the fact that the city experienced a gradation of many industrial enterprises. The second important factor of cleanliness is the presence of a large number of forest plantations, which provide residents with clean air. The main source of pollution in the populated area is the Fanplit industrial plant. The main problem is the increased pollution of the waters of the Volga River, into which industrial waste is regularly discharged.
Sevastopol
Sevastopol It is considered the cleanest city in Russia in terms of ecology. As of 2018-2019, Sevastopol produces the least amount of harmful substances released into the environment, amounting to just over 9 tons, the main share of which comes from transport. The absence of large industrial enterprises played a huge role. Clean air and water are what Sevastopol residents are proud of. However, in the near future, a coal processing plant, which is in the project development stage, may spoil the environmental situation in the city. However, there are currently no real environmental threats.
Many of our compatriots are thinking about where they can move to live within the country. Ratings demonstrating the advantages and disadvantages of individual cities can help them make their choice. How are they compiled? What is taken into account? Which Russian cities occupy the top rankings in certain categories?
Features of cities and regions of Russia
Environmental, climatic and economic conditions in different parts of our country differ markedly. How to determine which Russian cities and regions are favorable for moving to permanent residence? Based on public opinion polls and statistical data, ratings are compiled that should help understand this issue. Many media outlets are engaged in such research, but the most respected are the ratings compiled by such organizations as the Department of Sociology of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation and the Center for Strategic Research of the Rosgosstrakh company. The data source is the Federal State Statistics Service. There are many criteria by which the situation in each city and region is assessed.
Where is the best place to move to live if the environmental factor is important to you?
Human health largely depends on the state of the environment. Toxic waste pollutes air, water and soil can cause serious illness and even premature death. The presence of environmental problems is especially dangerous for pregnant women and children. Various congenital pathologies are the result of exposure to toxic emissions on the human body.
There are three factors that determine the state of the environment:
- industrial waste;
- car exhaust gases;
- geographical location.
Enterprises in industrial cities and a large number of transport in megacities are the main sources of pollution. In addition, the concentration of toxic substances depends on geographical location
- . If a city is located between hills, air currents do not blow its territory well enough. In this case, the concentration of harmful emissions increases many times over.
- Pskov;
- Smolensk;
- Murmansk;
- Nizhnevartovsk;
Sochi.
The air is fresh, the city is small and therefore not very polluted. If you are tired of the city bustle, gases and cars, then I suggest going to Pskov.
http://otzovik.com/review_2344826.html
It is also worth paying attention to the opposite rating, which determines the most environmentally polluted cities in Russia. When choosing a place for permanent residence, it is important to know in which cities the difficult environmental situation poses the greatest risk to health. The environmental anti-rating is as follows:
- Norilsk;
- Moscow;
- Saint Petersburg;
- Cherepovets (Vologda region);
- Asbestos (Sverdlovsk region).
It is easy to notice that this list includes megacities and cities where large industrial enterprises are located. For example, the Severstal metallurgical plant is located in Cherepovets.
Medical service
An integral part of a full life is the opportunity to receive quality medical services. Life expectancy directly depends on this factor. Assessment of the level of medical care is based on surveys of residents: how satisfied they are with the accessibility and professionalism of treatment. Additional indicators include the mortality rate among people of retirement age and the percentage of people with incomes below the average who seek paid medical services. Rating of Russian cities with the most high level
- Moscow;
- Saint Petersburg;
- healthcare:
- Naberezhnye Chelny;
Tyumen.
It is important to remember that cardiac problems are a common cause of disability and premature death. Timely diagnosis and highly professional treatment can stop the development of cardiovascular diseases. People suffering from such ailments should pay attention to the availability of cardiology clinics in the city or region to which they plan to move. These medical institutions must meet modern standards. A large number of clinics providing high-quality treatment for vascular and heart diseases are concentrated in Moscow, however, there are also high-tech cardio centers in other Russian cities.
For example, the Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, the Novosibirsk Research Institute of Circulatory Pathology named after Academician E.N. Meshalkin and the Research Institute of Cardiology named after V.A. Almazov in St. Petersburg. Standard of living, which contain large oil and gas fields.
- The remaining Russian regions lag significantly behind the leaders. This trend has continued for many years. Rating of average monthly income of working citizens in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in 2018:
- Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (RUB 73,091.7);
- Moscow (RUB 70,220.8);
- Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug (RUB 64,097.55);
- Nenets Autonomous Okrug (RUB 61,592.85);
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug (58,063.5 rubles).
It is worth noting that in regions rich in hydrocarbon reserves, it is not only oil and gas industry workers who receive high wages. For example, in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, which ranks first in the ranking, the average monthly income of a school teacher is about 60 thousand rubles.
- The leaders of the all-Russian list simultaneously top the income level ratings in the Central, Ural, Northwestern and Far Eastern federal districts. To complete the picture, it is worth comparing the average earnings of residents in federal districts:
- Central Federal District (RUB 45,312.3);
- Northwestern, Ural, Far Eastern federal districts (40,530.6 rubles);
- Siberian Federal District (RUB 31,081.05);
Southern, Volga federal districts (25957.8 rubles).
- The average wage characterizes only one aspect of the standard of living. Another important aspect that should not be overlooked is the cost of living and price levels. An indicator such as housing affordability will help to understand this issue. Rating of cities with the highest price of 1 square meter of housing:
- Moscow (RUR 202,269);
- St. Petersburg (RUB 110,114);
- Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (RUB 104,319);
- Vladivostok (RUR 97,576);
Sochi (RUR 95,467).
- For comparison, it’s worth checking out the list of cities with the lowest cost of 1 square meter of housing:
- Nizhnekamsk (RUR 33,501);
- Novokuznetsk (RUR 33,935);
- Biysk (RUR 34,558);
- Rybinsk (RUR 36,470);
Cherepovets (RUR 36,806). Settlements with affordable prices for housing are mainly located in the Volga region, Southern Urals
and the Siberian Federal District.
Climate Which are considered the most favorable for human health and functioning? Positive factors include minor day-to-day fluctuations in air temperature and the absence of sudden changes in atmospheric pressure. To strengthen the immune system, the human body needs to receive a lot of ultraviolet radiation, this is especially important for children. Therefore, a large number of sunny days a year has a positive effect on people's health.
Taking into account the listed criteria, the most comfortable climatic zones for living are the Azov, Black Sea and Caspian coasts.
- The following cities are located in these zones:
- Krasnodar;
- Sevastopol;
- Novorossiysk;
- Nizhnevartovsk;
Astrakhan;
Have you ever been to Sochi?! Wonderful place. Six months of summer, six months of off-season - green winter. She moved three years ago from Siberia. The climate is excellent, humid and hot for a maximum of two weeks in August.
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Weather-sensitive people should carefully choose a region for permanent residence. Their health deteriorates not only from magnetic storms. It is affected by sudden changes in air temperature and atmospheric pressure. Day-to-day temperature fluctuations of up to 1–2 o C are considered safe for people suffering from weather dependence. In the regions listed above, this indicator is kept within these limits.
Employment For people of working age, the prospect of getting a job in the city they choose to move to is critical. The employment potential of a city or region can be analyzed using several indicators. First of all, you need to find out what kind of competition exists in the local labor market. The number of applicants per vacancy is an indicator showing how high the competition is among applicants for a job. You should also take into account the number of unemployed people in a given city and the percentage of its residents who want to move to another region for the purpose of employment. All these criteria together will help determine how attractive and promising the
- this city
- for migrants seeking to find work.
- Ryazan;
- Vologda;
- Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk;
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky;
If you are planning to move to a new place for a long time or permanently, it is wise to choose a sustainable and promising city. Many Russian cities have serious development potential and show promise for the future.
Kazan
This Volga region city is one of the largest tourist centers Russia. It attracts about a million tourists every year. The city's industry includes large chemical and aviation enterprises. Kazan leads in volume housing construction in the Volga region.
Krasnoyarsk
The largest economic, educational and sports center of Central and Eastern Siberia. Multiple winner of the competition “The most comfortable city in Russia.” One of the most attractive Russian cities for investment. The leading sectors of the economy of Krasnoyarsk are non-ferrous metallurgy and mechanical engineering. The population is growing constantly and at a rapid pace.
Krasnodar
The capital of the most economically powerful region in southern Russia. Krasnodar has repeatedly topped the ratings of the most favorable Russian cities for doing business. The industrial potential of the region successfully attracts domestic and foreign investors. The industrial complex of Krasnodar consists of many enterprises that employ about a third of the working population. In addition, Krasnodar is an important transport hub.
Video: Krasnodar is one of the most promising cities in Russia
Novosibirsk
The Trans-Siberian Railway passes through Novosibirsk. This city has the largest logistics complex in Siberia. Its economy has a number of important advantages: diversified industry, development of the service sector, transport, logistics and science, and the presence of a large number of small and medium-sized businesses. The population of Novosibirsk is growing thanks to migrants from other Russian regions and CIS countries.
Crime level
The complex criminal situation makes the city unattractive for migrants, even if by other criteria it boasts high scores. The desire to live in a safe place where the likelihood of becoming a victim of crime is low often outweighs other reasons for choosing one or another settlement. There is a simple way to assess the crime rate - statistical data on the number of crimes committed per 1 thousand inhabitants.
- The safest cities in Russia according to this criterion:
- Ryazan (7.8);
- Ulyanovsk (11.3);
- Voronezh (11.5);
- St. Petersburg (12.0);
It is also worth paying attention to the sad list of the most criminal cities in the Russian Federation. Comparing a positive rating with a negative one shows how much crime levels differ in different cities and regions.
- Kemerovo (32.2);
- Kurgan (31.9);
- Tyumen (30.7);
- Nizhny Novgorod (27.7);
- Samara (24.3).
Child development
When choosing a permanent place of residence, families with children should give preference to environmentally friendly cities with high quality medical care. It is also worth inquiring about the availability of educational, sports and entertainment facilities. Cities that have a large number of such institutions and create conditions for the comprehensive development and education of children:
- Kazan;
- Belgorod;
- Rostov-on-Don;
- Kaliningrad;
- Voronezh.
If you are moving with small children, it is advisable to avoid sudden climate changes. If the climatic conditions at the new place of residence and the previous one are not too different, it will be easier for the child’s body to cope with the move.
Kudos
Undoubtedly, the most prestigious city in Russia is its capital. Many Russians flock to Moscow, hoping to realize their potential there. But we must take into account that other large Russian millionaire cities are gradually developing, improving and today are not much inferior to Moscow. Among them it is worth highlighting St. Petersburg, which is often called cultural capital Russia.
It is impossible to single out one city or region that meets all the requirements at the same time. For example, a city with a high average monthly salary may be environmentally unfavorable, so the choice of each migrant depends on personal preferences and life circumstances.
